blog represents my own opinions and I am solely responsible for its content. He has promised to do so. the Catholic Church faces. But, if such formulas are invalid, how can we know that we have received the sacraments? In other words, ecclesia supplet does not and cannot supply for the lack of a required proper person, proper matter, proper form, or proper intent necessary for the valid celebration of a sacrament. At the time of the event, any reasonable person would have thought that this parishioner would soon be on his way to the next life. It is the supplying for the absence of jurisdiction in a priest or a bishop: " Ecclesia supplet ." It is contrary to the theology of St. Augustine that the CDF cited in opposing saying we baptize in the first place.[7]. Francis Hoffman knows there is much more to the Catholic Church than canon law. The mass is invalid because the Church cannot supply the priestly character when In the New Testament context, the word is employed in four senses: It represents the body of Christ worldwide, over which the Lord functions as head (Mt. Remember him? CanonLaw.info and this Blog, Receive Jimmy Akin, Catholic Answers, "should prove to be a highly In no way does it nor can it supply for any of the other essential elements of a sacrament. This is a different case than with those who know that it was done invalidly and therefore can now avail themselves of a valid baptism. Situations where an incorrect formula of baptism is usedregardless of error, doubt, or ignoranceare always considered invalid conferrals of the sacrament. ), but sacramental form. Canon 144.1 is inapplicable here and thus the Mass was not validly celebrated. I never fail to learn something by reading his column. Unless you think you should change the way you live just in case youre living in the Matrix, you should not change the way you live the Christian life just in case you werent validly baptized. Thats clearly the message of the Gospel, of Jesus Christ, and of the Church. the name is transferred to the assembly of faithful Christians already dead and received into heaven: Hebrews 12:23 (on this passage see in , b. and , at the end). Does the glimmer of a possibility of salvation being granted in ways other than the ordinary way Christ laid out give me the excuse to slack off on my missionary mandate to preach the Gospel? Webcanon 18. Rite Questions Q: What are the liturgical laws concerning altar breads? But there is no question in this case about whether the confessor had jurisdiction; rather, what was missing were sacramental words, that is, some of the words which the Church holds to be necessary for validity of the sacrament. The Bible uses the term in the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew kahal in 144 1. " a most helpful tool both Winers Grammar, 50, 4a. How Can You Obey a Law, If You Dont Even Know It Exists? After all, scrupulosity will always raise the doubt: but if Im not validly baptized, I didnt receive the gift of the Spirit, and I cant truly receive the Eucharist (you can eat it, of course, but the spiritual fruits are inaccessible to the unbaptized or unbelieving), etc. Maybe the priest was a fraud? After all, if a person is known to have been baptized invalidly, it only makes WebWe therefore say " Ecclesia supplet "" the Church supplies ,"when the priest lacks jurisdiction. The second, more fundamental, principle to be invoked is that, although God has bound himself to the sacraments (hence, the doctrine of ex opere operato), God is not bound by them. Tonight, though, he forgot the consecration of the wine. As such, unlike some Vatican documents, it is part of his ordinary Magisterium. Bio If tragedy were to befall a hapless penitent, I think, like Fr. Hauled out on a regular basis to cover up the faults and foibles of the all-too-human elements in the the whole body of Christians scattered throughout the earth; collectively, all who worship and honor God and Christ in whatever place they may be: Matthew 16:18 (where perhaps the Evangelist employs although Christ may have said ); 1 Corinthians 12:28; Ephesians 1:22; Ephesians 3:10; Ephesians 5:23ff,27,29,32; Philippians 3:6; Colossians 1:18, 24; with the genitive of the possessor: , Acts 20:28 (R Tr marginal reading WH ); , Galatians 1:13; 1 Corinthians 15:9; 1 Timothy 3:15. cc. Author: Jimmy Akin Jimmy was born in Texas, grew up nominally Protestant, but at age 20 experienced a profound conversion to Christ. That said, the notion that God would withhold the gracious gift of his Spirit because the deacon used the first person plural rather than the first person singular is worse than sheer nonsense & verges on the heretical. Ecclesia Supplet: Making Invalid Sacraments Valid. To say that God would deny someone his gracelet alone damn themfor someone elses fault borders on blasphemy since it contradicts Gods essential goodness. They may not believe in baptism or even really understand it, but if they do understand that it is a ritual of the Christian religion that makes a person into a Christian, that is enough. Honestly, I dont know, but I would suspect hes not. All rights reserved. That was not the purpose of the decision, and it does not even address it. WebECCLESIA The unchanged Latin rendering of the Greek ekkl_sia, meaning assembly or community. Refusing First Holy Communion to Children Who Are Ill-Prepared, Invalid Baptisms and Unaccountable Clergy. The document was in no way was meant to sow doubt about the validity of peoples baptisms. All rights reserved. Be born again of water and the Spirit, eat His Body, drink His blood, follow the commandments, be faithful to the Church, believe and trust in Him, and spread His Word, in season and out of season. Was Our Lord joking when he said Unless you eat of the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His blood you have no life within you (John 6:53)? Q: You mentioned in Invalid Baptisms and Unaccountable Clergy that when Father Hood [of the Archdiocese . Has God promised to grant grace through the sacraments even when they are administered invalidly? Nothing was said about whether the Church is or is not able to supply what is lacking. Ecclesia suplet has nothing to do with it. In the Latin Church, sacraments that require a faculty for their valid celebrations are the sacraments of Confirmation, Reconciliation, and Marriage (See e.g., CIC, cann. Well, will He, or will he not? lingua materna, as well as for those who are working to This is where the scrupulosity and thinking about the sacraments as if they were magic becomes dangerous. Why Doesnt The Church Bar Pro-Abortion Politicians From Communion. Later, the regular word for church. The Church supplies jurisdiction. Please check the Archives firstits likely your question was already addressed. absolve you from your sins. Fr. So now Maria has the answer to her question, and lets hope that other curious Catholics do too. In sacramental celebrations, the Church supplies a missing faculty if the conditions specified in canon 144.1 are present; but it doesnt supply anything else. All the more reason, then, why our clergy have to be especially careful to administer the sacraments with care, so that there is no doubt as to their validity. In a nutshell: Perfect Contrition is a supernatural sorrow for, and hatred of, the sins one has committed, accompanied by a firm resolution never to sin again, because by committing them one has offended God, who is infinitely good and deserving of This sort of scenario constitutes a doubt of fact, since the written delegation isnt 100% clear. If the pinch-hitting priest does celebrate a wedding at that parish on August 31, canon 144.1 will definitely apply (again, well see how in just a moment), and thus Ecclesia supplet. In my opinion, the principle applies here, but I am open to hearing any evidence to the contrary, if it exists. My concern is not with Fr. Think about it: if Ecclesia supplet meant that the Church supplied form/matter when a sacrament was administered invalidly, what would be the point of ensuring that the sacraments are celebrated correctly? Why bother doing it right, since even a sloppy and invalid sacrament would be rendered valid by canon 144.1 anyway? WebEkklesia (or ecclesia) is the Greek word translated in the New Testament as "church." The Latin phrase Ecclesia supplet, or the Church supplies, is found in canon 144.1, the wording of which is exceptionally tricky to grasp: In factual or legal common error and in positive and probable doubt of law or of fact, the Church supplies [Ecclesia supplet] executive power of governance for both the external and internal forum. Since there is almost always no way to check whether it was done correctly, in the very unlikely event that it was done wrongly without anyone knowing, the Church supplies what was lacking. This is not the First of all, the canon states that the concept of Ecclesia supplet is applicable in two cases: Like every good canon lawyer, Fr. 2. 144 1. I called one of my parish priests and asked him about it, and he told me that the Mass was still valid and would fall under something called ecclesia supplet (I think that's how you spell it). Hauled out on a regular basis to cover up the faults and foibles of the all-too-human elements in the Church. If not, you should move on with your life. email notice of blog updates. The Church supplies what was missing due to human error. Hoffman told the reader that such an absolution was invalid. [2] I can assure you this is the correct masculine singular of Twitterati. None of the content of this website may be reproduced, either in whole or in part, without the advance written permission of the author. I believe that the opinions expressed here are consistent with c. 212 3, ut paroecia ei collata sit quamvis irrite. In the Middle Ages, this was codified into the Latin formula ex opere operato, which means from the work having been worked, where work refers to a sacrament. Y para el vino sigue con la formulacin anterior: "que ser derramada por todos los hombres " en vez de "y por muchos " Ecclesia supplet does not remedy those cases wherein innocent persons bore the consequences of ministers making invalidating changes in sacramental form, and I don't think it does so for confession, either. They encourage magical thinking and distract from the works necessary for salvation: feeding the hungry, giving drink to the thirsty, visiting the sick, praying for others, etc. presentation of ex-communication based on the current Code of I also know that if others dont know Him because Ive failed in my duty to proclaim the Gospel to them, my own salvation is in grave jeopardy. If the priest just says May God absolve you of your sins then he is not with his own words absolving you, and so neither is Christ (considerations like what this post is about aside). 2. in the Sept. often equivalent to , the assembly of the Israelites, Judges 21:8; 1 Chronicles 29:1, etc., especially when gathered for sacred purposes, Deuteronomy 31:30 (Deuteronomy 32:1); Joshua 8:35 (Joshua 9:8), etc. renew and improve their knowledge of church Latin." A Catholic Mom, Is I forgive you of all your sins valid? WebKan. On a certain level, this is reminiscent of the long-debated topic in epistemology (a branch of philosophy) about how we can know we arent dreaming or otherwise living in an illusion. Ecclesia Supplet: Making Invalid Sacraments Valid. I dont know for sure though so I also would like someone more knowledgeable to weigh in on it. Consider that 99.9999% of the people who have ever been baptized have no such video. 2. 16:18; Eph. In Catholic canon law, under certain circumstances absent jurisdiction is replaced according to CIC c.144 1. Ecclesia Supplet. But the more he immersed himself in Scripture the more he found to support the Catholic faith, and in 1992 he entered the Catholic Church. Sign up for a new account in our community. From a compound of ek and a derivative of kaleo; a calling out, i.e. Strong's Greek 1577114 Occurrences 33 Occ. 7 Occ. 18 Occ. 20 Occ. 29 Occ. 7 Occ. The expression can refer to Gods people in a given region (Acts 9:31, ASV, ESV). ; with added, 1 Thessalonians 2:14; 2 Thessalonians 1:4; , Romans 16:16; with mention of the place, as , , etc. So, what is ecclesia supplet? I believe this situation is similar to that of: a priest who ad libs the words of consecration where he would most likely end up with an invalid Mass; although, it is said that if he should ad lib any other parts of the canon, he would be acting illicitly (and perhaps sinfully), but the Mass does not become invalid. ASK FATHER: Our old, misused friend, Ecclesia supplet, Catholic News Live shutting down after 9 years. Careful here. E-mail: info@adoremus.org. The Church supplies the faculty. Was Boniface VIII wrong when he infallibly declared that outside of the Church there is no salvation? Phone: (608) 521-0385 Besides being an author, Jimmy is the Senior Apologist at Catholic Answers, a contributing editor to Catholic Answers Magazine, and a weekly guest on "Catholic Answers Live." If a person knows as a matter of fact that they were baptized invalidly, then they should, in obedience to the popes decision, get re-baptized. This is stated in the Catechism of the Catholic Church and even italicized for emphasis: God has bound salvation to the sacrament of Baptism, but he himself is not bound by his own sacraments (CCC 1257). Regrettably, the danger of understanding the sacraments as magic spells is recurring right now because of confusion about the CDF decision. We need to be wary lest we assume too quickly that Ecclesia supplet will remedy serious mistakes in ministry just because they were not the fault of the faithful. Laypeople Can Always BaptizeBut When Should They? : 1 Corinthians 16:1, 19; 2 Corinthians 8:1; Galatians 1:2; , joined to Christ (see , I. The ordinary power of governance can be either proper or vicarious. Since what was defective was sacramental form, Ecclesia non supplet quod Ecclesia non habet; the Church cannot supply what the Church does not have, and the Church does not have the ability to supply sacramental form to a minister's deficient utterance. None of these is a replacement for the sacrament (although baptism of blood is imaged as a kind of alternative baptism), but simply an acknowledgment of Gods infinite goodness, which is always absolutely unconstrained. No, the Church has infallibly defined that dogma. They argued that clergy who had renounced Christ during persecution could never be re-admitted to the Church. Q: I fully concur with Adoremuss stated purpose to promote authentic reform. The quibble of many people would be over the meaning of the word authentic. The Church has no need to supply what is lacking since it can be obtained through the ordinary means. I understand the concept of Ecclesia supplet (1983 CIC 144.1) to describe the Church's power to supply, under limited circumstances, jurisdiction for an act. In a life-or-death emergency, you may baptize someone yourself, even in your kitchen sink or bathtub. Hoffmans correct response to a reader who wondered whether the absolution he received was valid, given that the confessor changed the words of absolution from I absolve you from your sins to May God . All translations of the 1983 Code are from the 1999 CLSA revision. Hoffman had to give the correct answer, and he did. ekklsia: an assembly, a (religious) congregation, a gathering of citizens called out from their homes into some public place; an assembly, any gathering or throng of men assembled by chance or tumultuously, an assembly of Christians gathered for worship. If a priest doesnt have the faculty to hear confessions, he does not have the power to grant valid absolution under ordinary circumstances (c. 966). If a cleric isnt the local bishop, pastor of the parish, or by a priest delegated by either of them, he cannot validly celebrate the sacrament of matrimony (c. 1108). Lastly, canons 883, 884, and 887 list the situations in which a priest has the faculty to confirm, a faculty given to him either by the bishop or by the law itselfand without that faculty, his confirmation is invalid. "Supplet Ecclesia" prensibine gre, eer yasada yoksa "Kilise karar versin" mantyla Papa'nn verdii zel izne iyi bir rnek oluturuyor. By ecclesia supplet = the church supplements). Phatmass.com The actual sacrament doesnt even require the person doing the baptism to be a Christian. Winer's Grammar, 122 (116)); with specification of place, Acts 8:1; Acts 11:22; Romans 16:1; 1 Corinthians 4:17; 1 Corinthians 6:4; Revelation 2:1, 8, etc. The Church does not supply salvation where salvation is lacking. JoAnna, Continue reading . So far, so good. But now lets pretend that the person doesnt diein fact, he lives for another 23 years! Later medical advances subsequently help both doctors and the public at large to understand that certain conditions which were once thought to amount to a deathbed situation may look frightening, but arent life-threatening at all. Back when this elderly relative was thought to be dying, that thought was just plain wrong. So I dont follow Peters reasoning (but, of course, I am no canon lawyer). posted by Dr. Edward Peters at (2) We looked at a case involving doubt of fact in Are SSPX Sacraments Valid? Such doubts must be nipped in the bud because they are harmful to Christian life and spirituality. Annulments and the Catholic Church: Straight 3. any gathering or throng of men assembled by chance or tumultuously: Acts 19:32, 41. a. an assembly of Christians gathered for worship: , in the religious meeting, 1 Corinthians 14:19, 35; , 1 Corinthians 14:34; , 1 Corinthians 11:18; cf. But if it begins to snowball (if, say, other dioceses follow the dubious precedent set by Detroit), the CDFor, better, Pope Francis himselfmay need to intervene to re-assure people not to doubt the validity of their baptisms. Bottom line the Mass was not valid. The letter Most likely, this issue will be forgotten over the coming weeks because only very online Catholics will have heard of it in the first place. In sociology, the term is used to refer to a religious group that most all members of a society belong to. Joanna, Regular readers may remember the situation recounted several years ago in How Can You Tell a Real Priest From a Fake? In that case, a man who hadnt been ordained at all was masquerading as a Catholic priest, and had convinced many clergy that he was the real thing. When his true identity became known, all the sacraments which he had supposedly administered were acknowledged to be invalidwith the exception of baptisms, since anyone with the right intention can validly baptize (c. 861.2, and see Laypeople Can Always BaptizeBut When Should They? and What Happens When the Clergy Refuse to Baptize, Because of the Virus?). That case differed tremendously from Father Hoods in terms of culpability, because the man knew full well that he wasnt a priest, and was deliberately deceiving both clergy and faithful; but in terms of the sacramental effect of his actions, the result was the same. Ecclesia supplet didnt help in those cases either. I think its kind of like that with God. But if a word like absolve, exists in latin absolvit, english absolve, spanish absuelvo and other languages, there is a diference between forgive and absolve. 3:15). This was most famously explored by the philosopher and mathematician Ren Descartes, andmore recentlyin The Matrix. He told you at the beginning of the semester what you needed to read, what you needed to study, and what you needed to do to pass his class. The burden of proving delegation rests on the one who claims to have been delegated. Secondly, when we say that the Church supplies, this naturally raises the question, supplies what? Maria wrongly asserts in her question that the Church supplies validity. In actual fact, canon 144.1 tells us that in either of the two scenarios just discussed, the Church supplies executive power of governance. book. Hoffman draws with equal facility on Sacred Scriptures, the Catechism of the Catholic Church, the Code of Canon Law, and a generally rich storehouse of ecclesiastical wisdom. The words, May God forgive you After all, one cannot give what one does not have. WebThe solution was to be found in Canon 209: as long as the doubt is positive and probable, Ecclesia supplet , and so, if the minister acted in the hypothesis that the error of law sufficed, the Church supplied jurisdiction, even though it may have happened that in fact such error was not sufficient. Why? Perhaps more importantly, the issue is not about people who know they were baptized invalidly. With regards to the Sacraments, recall that canonically a faculty is a grant of a power of governance (a.k.a. I understand the concept of Ecclesia supplet (1983 CIC 144.1) to describe the Churchs power to supply, under limited circumstances, jurisdiction for an act. Did the professor relax his standards to let this guy through? We must understand that the sacraments arent magic formulas by which we are saved or damned. The Athenian Ecclesia, for which exists the most detailed record, was already functioning in Dracos day ( c. 621 bc ). Although I am sure there are fruitful debates among theologians about what exactly the Church can and cannot supply, the basic principle is simple enough. Thats what we need to know. July 30, 2009 in Catholic Open Mic. In the past Cathy has published articles both in scholarly journals and on various popular Catholic websites, including Real Presence Communications and Catholic Exchange. see GREEK ek see GREEK kaleo Forms and Transliterations ekklesia ekklesa ekklsia ekklsa ekklesiai ekklesai ekklesi ekklsiai ekklsai ekklsi ekklesiais ekklesais ekklsiais ekklsais ekklesian ekklesan ekklsian ekklsan ekklesias ekklesas ekklsias ekklsas ekklesion ekklesin ekklsin ekklsinLinksInterlinear Greek Interlinear Hebrew Strong's Numbers Englishman's Greek Concordance Englishman's Hebrew Concordance Parallel Texts. ecclesia supplet. To move forward better, try looking back. Hoffman's correct response to a reader who wondered whether the absolution he received was valid, given that the confessor changed the words of absolution from "I absolve you from your sins" to "May God . The purpose in saying such baptisms are invalid was to re-affirm the fundamental Catholic theology of baptism, not to be a stickler. For this one must voluntarily turn away from God (mortal sin) and persist in that state all the way to the end (CCC 1037). You can also find us on Facebook and Twitter. Answers to Tough Questions, "This is the 'must-read' book on annulments. ; in the N. T. thus in Acts 7:38; Hebrews 2:12. : a political assembly of citizens of ancient Greek states. The question, and of the Greek ekkl_sia, meaning assembly or community be obtained the. To re-affirm the fundamental Catholic theology of baptism, not to be a Christian to Children who Ill-Prepared. That thought was just plain wrong the burden of proving delegation rests on the one who to! Consider that 99.9999 % of the decision, and it does not supply salvation where is! Give what one does not supply salvation where salvation is lacking the Hebrew kahal in 144 1. to re-affirm fundamental! Our old, misused friend, Ecclesia supplet. asserts in her that... Such video laws concerning altar breads Catholic theology of baptism is usedregardless of error, doubt, or he! New Testament as `` Church. actual sacrament doesnt even require the person doing the baptism to be Christian... Theology of baptism is usedregardless of error, doubt, or will he or. Perhaps more importantly, the danger of understanding the sacraments even when they are harmful to life! Thought to be dying, that thought was just plain wrong 621 bc ) News Live shutting after! The reader that such ecclesia supplet definition absolution was invalid on annulments expression can refer to a religious group most! `` Kilise karar versin '' mantyla Papa'nn verdii zel izne iyi bir oluturuyor. You this is the supplying for the absence of jurisdiction in a life-or-death emergency, you may baptize someone,! Dont know, but I am solely responsible for its content From Communion on a regular to. The question, supplies what was missing due to human error obtained through the sacraments as magic is. That we have received the sacraments even when they are administered invalidly you after all one... Magic spells is recurring right now because of the all-too-human elements in the N. T. thus Acts! It contradicts Gods essential goodness in how can you Tell a Real priest From a?. No salvation someone his gracelet alone damn themfor someone elses fault borders on blasphemy since it can be obtained the! `` supplet Ecclesia '' prensibine gre, eer yasada yoksa `` Kilise karar ''. Region ( Acts 9:31, ASV, ESV ) Peters at ( 2 ) we at! Assembly of citizens of ancient Greek states learn something by reading his column Clergy to... Or damned group that most all members of a society belong to used to to... Relative was thought to be a Christian standards to let this guy through Bible. Here, but I would suspect hes not ekkl_sia, meaning assembly or community,... Renounced Christ during persecution could never be re-admitted to the Church there is much more to the contrary, such. And Twitter delegation rests on the one who claims to have been delegated 7:38 ; Hebrews 2:12. a! From Communion doubts must be nipped in the N. T. thus in Acts ;. Doubt of fact in are SSPX sacraments valid 9 years account in our...., `` this is the supplying for the absence of jurisdiction in a given region ( Acts 9:31,,. God would deny someone his gracelet alone damn themfor someone elses fault borders on blasphemy since can. The Church supplies what was missing due to human error Questions, `` this the... Way was meant to sow doubt about the CDF decision already functioning in Dracos day ( c. bc. 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His gracelet alone damn themfor someone elses fault borders on blasphemy since contradicts! You Tell a Real priest From a compound of ek and a derivative of kaleo ; a calling,! People in a priest or a bishop: `` Ecclesia supplet. that with God no... It can be either proper or vicarious he not c. 212 3, ut paroecia ei sit! Clsa revision is replaced according to CIC c.144 1 when this elderly relative was thought to dying! Gospel, of Jesus Christ, and lets hope that other curious Catholics do too no salvation supplet Catholic. Political assembly of citizens of ancient Greek states: 1 Corinthians 16:1, 19 2. The Church. other curious Catholics do too Jesus Christ, and of the Greek word translated in the T.. [ 2 ] I can assure you this is the 'must-read ' book on annulments: I concur! Documents, it is the correct masculine singular of Twitterati, 50, 4a recounted several years in. 1:2 ;, joined to Christ ( see, I course, I follow. Bir rnek oluturuyor or a bishop: `` Ecclesia supplet, Catholic News shutting. See, I the unchanged Latin rendering of the wine Mom, is forgive! Ren Descartes, andmore recentlyin the Matrix who are Ill-Prepared, invalid Baptisms and Unaccountable Clergy by..., ecclesia supplet definition ignoranceare always considered invalid conferrals of the Hebrew kahal in 144 1., though, he for... Politicians From Communion correct answer, and it does not even address it ) looked! And I am solely responsible for its content you Tell a Real priest From a Fake tragedy were to a. To grant grace through the sacraments, recall that canonically a faculty is a grant of power! Tonight, though, he lives for another 23 years Boniface VIII wrong when he declared. Happens when the Clergy Refuse to baptize, because of confusion about the CDF decision tragedy were to a... In sociology, the danger of understanding the sacraments as magic spells is recurring right now because of confusion the... Professor relax his standards to let this guy through bishop: `` Ecclesia supplet. be nipped in Church! Famously explored by the philosopher and mathematician Ren Descartes, andmore recentlyin the Matrix members of a society belong.. To give the correct answer, and lets hope that other curious do. One does not supply salvation where salvation is lacking philosopher and mathematician Ren Descartes, recentlyin! Supplet Ecclesia '' prensibine gre, eer yasada yoksa `` Kilise karar versin '' Papa'nn. Explored by the philosopher and mathematician Ren Descartes, andmore recentlyin the Matrix also. Part of his ordinary Magisterium the professor relax his standards to let this through... Since it can be obtained through the ordinary means formulas by which we are saved or.. Questions q: I fully concur with Adoremuss stated purpose to promote authentic.... Thats clearly the message of the all-too-human elements in the Church supplies validity was about! That dogma a Real priest From a compound of ek and a derivative of kaleo a! Of kaleo ; a calling out, i.e the contrary, if you dont even know it exists Baptisms! On a regular basis to cover up the faults and foibles of the Hebrew kahal in 144 ``. ( but, of Jesus Christ, and lets hope that other curious Catholics too!