Santouri is the Greek name for the instrument. Nijenhuis, E. . Published by: University of Illinois Press on behalf of Society for Ethnomusicology. The notes in all parts of the instrument are in tune and matching in timbre, with very harmonious overtones. In the Greek world there are three variants characterised by their differing size and tuning with the Steriano (mainland Greece), the Cretan Laouto also known as (lagouto) and the Cypriot laouto as the main variants. $5,995.00 (Sale Price) More than 1 month ago. gaida. harmonies, the Pontian music has a very unique sound. There are two types: the Trichordo with three pairs of strings and the tetrachordo (four pairs) which was developed in 1950s and made popular by Manolis Chiotis. This gives a simple 3.1K views 5 years ago Yiannis (John) Rousos is one of only a dozen or so musicians in the United States that plays the Greek Santouri. According to Anthony While modern Greeks have used the word kithara to describe the guitar of today, the ancients would have used the word to describe the seven-stringed instrument of the harp family of stringed instruments. accompaniment to the Tsabouna. today mostly in northern Greece, including Greek Macedonia and Thrace. Then some holes are cut or burned into the instrument as finger holes. (2008). 2 users rated this 5 out of 5 stars 2. As such, it was used for signaling orders to Greek hoplites (soldiers) with different tones of the salpinx having different meanings, making it possible to give coded orders to an entire army on the battlefield. Depending main melody. The country's national religion is the Greek Orthodox Church and 98% of the population are Christian Orthodox. He is a maker of the Guitar, Lute, Vihuela, Bouzouki, Mandolin, Oud, Santouri, Lyra, and many other stringed instruments. Next we have the Bouzouki is a long-necked, wooden member of the lute family played in various genres of Greek music, including traditional and pop. It is the national musical instrument of Greece and existed in Byzantine times when it was called the tampoura. Australia. Conventional wisdom says that the santour is the dulcimers ancestor, opinions might vary on this issue. I have even made floyeres myself from pvc or plastic pipe, and they play quite well. The Greek Santouri is the only hammered dulcimer in the world (to my knowledge) to have a fully chromatic setup. chord and rhythm instrument in small "bouzouki" bands. The same story is slightly different in every retelling, like many renditions of a raga. Shepherds often play these, as they are fairly easily made by the musician himself. (Caland, W., & Lokesh, C., pp. Dattilam: A compendium of ancient Indian music, This site was created by Jonathan Voyer as part of a postdoctoral research-creation project carried out with the collaboration of PanditSatish Vyas and Dr. Maneesha Kulkarni, professor atthe music department of Mumbai University. This gives a melody, as well as a drone harmony and a dance rhythm. Typically made from peach or apricot wood, the sound is loud and penetrating, and the instrument is usually played outdoors in traditional village celebrations. The ancient kithara, would have been played by professional musicians using a stiff plectrum of dried leather. or toumbano (large drum) accompanies the gaida. position. The Santoor is an Instrument with approximately 100 strings which originated in the Himalayan Valley of Kashmir. Roderic Knight The Harp in India Today. The yangqin is a Chinese hammered dulcimer with a trapezoidal soundboard. For andre har instrumenta mest tyding som symbol, som med den walisiske trippelharpa. It The Hydraulis, water organ The Daouli Drum: Experiencing music, expressing Pontic culture. Detail from an Attic Red figure kylix (wide drinking bowl from about 480 BC) shows a woman holding a Kithara Photo: Marie-Lan Nguyen/WikiCommons. . Sources on the early history of the Tambur, Rabab, Sitar and Sarod. Santouri from A. Santouri may also refer to: 3.8 out of 5 stars 4 product ratings Expand: Ratings. Like the Tambouras, the frets on a Laouto are adjustable, and the strings are plucked with a plectrum, usually a feather. Pacholczyk, K. (1978) Sufyana Kalam, the Classical Music of Kashmir. accompany the lyra, with one playing melody and the other playing If you are interested in purchasing a handmade floyera or tzamara, please visit my "For Sale" page. favored in the early part of the 20th century as a solo instrument Up first, were going to look at the Oud which is an ancient instrument from the Middle East resembling a lute and is played in Turkish, Egyptian, Albanian, Bulgarian and Iraqi music to this day. In my family's village of Kandyla, the tradition in the old days was to use wolf skin for the heads of the daouli. The archetype of the instrument carried horizontally and struck with two sticks, found in iconographical documents in ancient Babylon (1600-911 BCE) and Neo-Assyria . while holding the lyra in that way. The bag is made of goatskin and has double chanters that are played in unison. Dulcimers originated in the Middle East, probably during the first millennium A.D. Kofteros -Essay On Greek Santouri . The discs of the sistrum can also be stroked to create a quieter sound. is mainly restricted to accompanying other solo instruments. accompaniment for the gaida varies. This manuscript is supposed to have been created at the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem between the years 1131 and 1143 for Queen Melisande of Jerusalem. which are tuned in fifths. In ancient times the name of this long-necked string instrument was the "trichordo" or "three stringed instrument." google_ad_client = "ca-pub-8484375779836570"; All the transliterated terms are neutral and written in italics, with the exception of names (including the name ofragas, e.g. The musician picks a melody on the higher string while using the remaining strings to provide a droning accompaniment. - 2 where they would be used to tuning with the left hand instead of the right. The Folkway project founded in 2016, it is located in Northern Greece, based in Thessaloniki and its main occupation focuses on the field of folklore and alternative tourism at the same way. The zither is mainly used in traditional music of Greece and other Middle Eastern countries. John plays a Thracian gaida at San Joaquin Delta College's 1977 campus dedication event. Instead, the musican blows across the open end or rim of the upper part of the floyera. 1 users rated this 4 out of 5 stars 1. The Vana Veena also had strings and was played with sticks. They are thought to have been used in harvest festivals and other folk celebrations. of Greek culture: mythology, religion and traditional Greek instruments. Treble santouri is not a traditional instrument, it is a prototype, based on an idea of Dimitris Kofteros. Devidayal, N. (2018). of bagpipe which is very popular on many of the Greek islands. 54624 Thessaloniki, GREECE It is popular in many forms all over Greece, expecially in the mainland klarino music. The word santour is very old, deriving from the Aramaic psantrin (and Greek psalterion), but what exactly that instrument was is a good question. //-->, Last Updated: 6/1/2022 Hammered dulcimers were popular in England during the reign of James I, when the Bible was translated into English as the King James Bible. 1. but it also plays the melodies and chordal accompaniments. Other names for the Karamoudza include: pipiza, zournadi, and zournas. The terms already translated in English are written as such, we will read "raga" and not "rga". Greek dancers holding sistrums are depicted on ceramic vases from past centuries. The Chelys is the oldest known form of lyre played by the ancient Greeks and is alleged to have been invented by the god Hermes. Learn more. has twelve bridges. google_ad_height = 125; It is an ancient musical instrument that was probably invented in Persia. A taximi Some consider that Terpander of Lesvos (the father of Greek music and lyric poetry) to have invented the instrument in the 7th Century BC. Instead, the Tsabouna has double Cretan laouto, which is typically larger than the mainland laouto In Greece, Turkey, and Persia the Santure was developd, in Russia, we find the Gusli, in Germeny, the Hackbrett, in italy, the Cemballo; in England, theDulcimer, in Austria, the Zither, and in Hungary and Romania the Cimbalom. The hammered dulcimer or hammer dulcimer is an ancient trapezoidal music instrument with several courses of strings. 4. The island is named after Icarus, the son of Daedalus, who famously flew too close to the Sun and fell into the sea near Ikaria. The Persian and Indian instruments are more widely known as the Santur and Santoor, respectively. Kawai KS2F 125cm Upright Piano in Polished Ebony. The name is derived from Arabic word qanun that, in turn, is derived from the Greek word kanon meaning rule. Theory. It hosts thirty identical small movable bridges (the number may vary from one instrument to another) that are divided into two parallel rows placed to the left and right side of the box. :+306972006316 & +306973854977 Common tunings include: a-a-d, e-a-d, and Spartan Home | Instruments | Contact and Order. The santouri belongs tohammered dulcimers(struck zithers) family of instruments. The bouzouki was brought into Greece in the early 20th Century by immigrants from Asia Minor. It is played by striking the strings with hammers. DJ Controllers; Turntables; Mixers; Pad Controllers; Groove Boxes; DJ Audio Interfaces; . The zither is made usually from woodwalnut. The Dankiyo is played by the Pontian Greeks originating from Trabzon and Rize in present-day Turkey. Thanks for stopping by and if you have any questions get in touch! 3. Dattilam: A compendium of ancient Indian music. In this role, Ten Greek instruments that are music to heart and soul. Last, but Not being able to work because of the religious country's prejudice against music, a talented Santour player has to deal with poverty, addiction and the absence of his ex-wife. The lyra players play the lyra in an upright Santuri (Zither): stringed instrument widely developed by the Greeks in Asia Minor. Stringed Instrument Teachers . It is closely related to the cimbalom, which is most associated with Hungary but is found in various versions throughout the Balkans. The percussive Nasjonalinstrument. 101 : 2103304198 Email : info@santouri.gr - - of 9: Dimitris B. Kofters, Santouri Copyright Sandip Chatterjee | Web Partner Wings Media. The hydraulis was also called a Water Organ because water was sent through a pipe to mingle with and pressurize the air. Gifford, P. M. (2001). String Instruments; Folk & World; Harps; Quality 9 Bridge Santoor Santour SANTUR Dulcimer With Hard Case and Accessories. Hindustani Music: Thirteenth to Twentieth Centuries. The strings were usually plucked with the fingers or a plectrum, and it was held horizontally with the fingers of the left hand used to press down on the frets. Sizes and shapes varied and the manner of playing Also changed. This "chanter" can be placed directly in the mouth and blown this way. as a sort of drone to the melody. In his thesis on the Dulcimer, David Kettlewellwrote: Much controversy - and sometimes, one suspects, plain confusion and incomplete knowledge - surrounds the instruments in the santur area, concerning the meaning of the name, what names are given to dulcimers, how far back in time they can be dated, and so on. (1976:329) There are, of course, various reasons that could explain this reality, each one being related to specific aspects of the culture where the instrument is played. The santouri, But, Ctesibius of Alexandria, who lived between 285 and 222 BC, is credited with the invention of the hydraulis and is said to have been a remarkable player. Dating back to the Byzantine period in 330 AD, its one of the the main instruments in Cretan folk music which is still played today. The first representation of this type of instrument appears on the cover of an illuminated manuscript, The Psalter of Queen Melisande, which is preserved in the Egerton collection of the British Library. Not much is known of the instrument or the music the Greeks played on it. The right side of the drum has a lower pitched skin, while the left side has a higher pitched skin. Its origins though are Iranian or Mesopotamian dating back to 7th Century BC. Goatskins are Usually used for the drumheads. (music) santur, folk stringed musical instrument, a type of hammered dulcimer played with small mallet-like hammers 1946 Nikos Kazantzakis, Zorba the Greek. Carved Swallow; Back of Cretan Lyra by M. Stagakis, 1981. Legend has it that Hermes used a tortoise shell for the soundbox and attached a wooden frame to it across which he stretched the strings. Usually the tonic (can be mentioned as pitch) of the conventional Santoor is D (440) and it resonates the beautiful melodic sound which has similarity with Jaltarang, Xylophone and Harp. This refers to the fact that they would carry the small instrument tucked into the back of their belt, under the back of their coat tail so that it did not show. To play it, the musician dampened selected strings with his left hand while stroking a plektron across them with his right. These longer flutes are usually around thirty (30) inches or so in length. Another tuning used is the "tsimbalon" This instrument is described in the, XVII, 3, 1-11 as having a wooden body covered with an ox-hide and a wooden neck on which the strings are attached. The lower three pairs of strings consist of one wound, heavy metal string, and one unwound string. The musicians, led by musical director Stephen Bentley-Klein in the upper gallery, play these instruments and evoke the specific atmospheres and landscapes thorughout the text. grandmother, Kaliopi Petimeza Pappayiorga, she remembers the gaida Pontiaki Lyra: Its origins lay in the Pontus region for years. seattle sperm bank access code oculus quest 2 apk download self hanging bondage cms first day of school 2022 The strings of this instrument, tune to 1/4 with special lugs commonly carried on the right side of the body and which are subjected to impact with small rods, the ends of which bearing metal hammers (like teaspoons). 1 (1978), pp. on the type of sound desired (harsh, mellow, etc.) They decided the historians were correct in saying it was used to accompany singing. players distinguish two kinds of improvisation: the "Taximi" rhythm and chords. Today, karamoudza players use the "kareli" or small wooden disk for the same purpose. called "Balkoni" (balcony) in Greek. Rebetiko introduced the stringed instrument known as the bouzouki to the world, a sound which epitomizes Greek music to this day. The Cretan laouto players often play melodies with It has died out among Turkish musicians. sanr, also spelled santour or santoor, also called santouri, stringed instrument of the hammered dulcimer, or struck zither, family that is found in various forms across southeastern Europe, the Middle East, and South Asia. Related: Read our guide to ancient Egyptian instruments here. And like the old lagouto and bouzouki/tambouras style of playing, old timers often used an eagle feather as a pick. . pipes that are fingered at the same time. The three or four pairs of strings are plucked using a pick made initially of cherry wood or a feather. On the upper panel we can see an image of King David striking the strings of a trapezoidal board-zither with what appears to be sticks. tuning which was popularized in Hungarian and Romanian hammered dulcimers. they will put one foot up on a chair and rest the lyra on the thigh. Related: Check out our guide to Turkish instruments here. A virtuoso defi player can decorate the rhythm of the songs in many exciting ways. Dan Farrant, the founder of Hello Music Theory, has been teaching music for over 15 years, helping hundreds of thousands of students unlock the joy of music. Related: Read our guide to ancient Roman instruments here. It is not a "whistle" type flute where the musician puts the flute into his mouth and blows like blowing a whistle. The cover is made of ivory panels decorated with turquoises and ruby-colored gems. Yet another native of Lesvos, Phrynis, is the first man to have played the kithara in Athens. E-mail: propantos@gmail.com, FolkWay - The Only Folk Culture - Powered by FolkWay & OPEN WAYS - 2016. A great piano for. Although the musician mentioned above . One of the first modifications of the Kannun was the Psaltery which became extinct in history by later modifications invented by the people in the various countries of Europe. In other words there are all the equivalents of all the black and white keys of the piano on it, unlike other versions (Celtic, Hungarian, Chinese, etc) which have some of the black keys missing. | Disco-Bibliography. Our experience, our ideas, our know-how in accordance with our professionalism and creative approach combined with the realibility and loyalty of OPEN WAYS, ensuring quality and success in all our folklore events. A piece of wire or metal the proper diameter would be heated to red hot in a fire and then the finger hole would be burned through. The santoor has a rangeof two octaves and a half. In northern Greece they also have longer floyeres. The klarino in the key of "C" ("do") is a favorite of the old folk klaritzides (clarinet players), although the Albert Bb has become the most popular clarinet in recent years. The reeds Immigrants from Turkey and Asia minor brought it to Greece in the 1900s where it was transformed into the bouzouki. A saying that the old "rebetes" used to quote was: "Eho to baglamadaki, kato ap' to sakaki." The Santouri is a type of hammered dulcimer. rences and other educational programs and activities with folklore character. It is played with two "hammer-like" Contents The Greek outi has mainly been used by the Greeks from Thrace and Asia Minor, which is now part of Turkey. Turkish musicians adopted the t,ambal played by Romanian Gypsies about 1840 and played Turkish court music on it (perhaps the best-known player was santouri Edhem Efendi, 1855-1924). 1.3% of the inhabitants are Muslims while the rest 0.7% are Catholics, Jewish, Jehovah's Witnesses, and . The zither is a stringed percussion instrument level. Like the bouzouki and the baglamas, the tzouras (tambouras) was a favorite instrument of the rebetes in rebetiko music. Made by Kyriakos Lazaridis, once owned by Papaioannou. Download this free photo of Santuri Music Instrument Greek from Pixabay's vast library of royalty-free stock images, videos and music. And so it is that there are multiple origin stories for the sitar. (2018: 127) We could thus choose to retell this origin story about the birth of the santoor in India, in the mists of time. In santouri lessons the student learns the musicality, the chords and the correct use of the hands as well as the whole body in order to be able to conquer the ease and the lyricism of the playing. It then spread to Greek musicians in Istanbul, Izmir, and the nearby islands, where it is characteristic. to other bagpipes found in Balkan countries. Its ancestors are the tambouras and pandouras of the Byzantine era. they press against the sides of the strings with the tops of their The medium size is the most common and is found all over Greece. Every performance was different due to the bards improvisational skill. defi or daires (small hand drum like a tambourine) accompanies the ; world ; Harps ; Quality 9 Bridge Santoor santour Santur dulcimer with Hard Case Accessories. ; Mixers ; Pad Controllers ; Groove Boxes ; dj Audio Interfaces ; they would be to... An upright Santuri ( zither ): stringed instrument widely developed by the Pontian music has a rangeof octaves... Culture: mythology, religion and traditional Greek instruments gaida Pontiaki lyra: its lay! Unwound string a-a-d, e-a-d, and the nearby islands, where it was to! Or burned into the instrument as finger holes where it was called the tampoura are Iranian or Mesopotamian back! A drone harmony and a half was probably invented in Persia like many renditions of a raga flutes... Disk for the Sitar native of Lesvos, Phrynis, is derived from Arabic qanun... Are adjustable, and they play quite well product ratings Expand: ratings a... Greeks originating from Trabzon and Rize in present-day Turkey using a pick made initially of cherry wood a. Will put one foot up on a Laouto are adjustable, and one unwound string rangeof two and! To provide a droning accompaniment to the cimbalom, which is most associated with Hungary but is found in versions... Shapes varied and the strings with his left hand instead of the sistrum can also stroked... ; Groove Boxes ; dj Audio Interfaces ; instrument are in tune and matching in timbre, with harmonious. The songs in many exciting ways to the world ( to my ). Early history of the Byzantine era the thigh, Rabab, Sitar and Sarod a whistle sakaki! She remembers the gaida Pontiaki lyra: its origins lay in the 1900s where it was called the.. Are cut or burned into the bouzouki include: a-a-d, e-a-d, the! Players play the lyra on the type of sound desired ( harsh, mellow, etc. rhythm! & open ways - 2016 a traditional instrument, it is that there are multiple origin stories the... By Papaioannou the Persian and Indian instruments are More widely known as the Santur and,... Arabic word qanun that, in turn, is the national musical instrument that was invented. Product ratings Expand: ratings Greek instruments is popular in many forms all over Greece, Greek... Side has a lower pitched skin, while the left side has a higher pitched skin | and! `` three stringed instrument widely developed by the musician picks a melody, as well as a drone and. Written as such, we will Read `` raga '' and not `` rga '' the of. Pick made initially of cherry wood or a feather bouzouki and the baglamas, the Pontian music has a unique! Of strings vary on this issue is made of ivory panels decorated turquoises! Expressing Pontic culture used in traditional music of Greece and other Folk celebrations it is a hammered... Also called a water organ because water was sent through a pipe to mingle with and pressurize the.! Hammered dulcimers Santur and Santoor, respectively can be placed directly in the mainland klarino music to with. Retelling, like many renditions of a raga instrumenta mest tyding som symbol, som med den walisiske trippelharpa pipiza... Like many renditions of a raga in unison Greece and other educational programs and activities with folklore character such! Related to the bards improvisational skill instrument that was probably invented in Persia of a raga Harps ; Quality Bridge. -Essay on Greek Santouri cherry wood or a feather present-day Turkey a sound which Greek..., old timers often used an eagle feather as a pick College 's 1977 campus event. Mouth and blown this way and Accessories: mythology, religion and traditional Greek instruments end rim! Of ivory panels decorated with turquoises and ruby-colored gems, opinions might vary this! Into the instrument as finger holes a favorite instrument of Greece and existed Byzantine. With Hungary but is found in various versions throughout the Balkans 125 ; is. And so it is characteristic or plastic pipe, and zournas traditional Greek instruments that music! E-A-D, and Spartan Home | instruments | Contact and Order while the. His left hand instead of the sistrum can also be stroked to a! From Turkey and Asia Minor brought it to Greece in the world, a sound epitomizes... Derived from Arabic word qanun that, in turn, is the only hammered dulcimer in the Middle,! With approximately 100 strings which originated in the 1900s where it was used to tuning the. The tampoura a Thracian gaida at San Joaquin Delta College 's 1977 campus dedication event improvisation the! Instrument in small `` bouzouki '' bands Pontic culture is popular in many forms all over,! The tambouras, the Classical music of Greece and existed in Byzantine times when it was called the tampoura and... Chord and rhythm instrument in small `` bouzouki '' bands with several courses of strings are plucked using a.. Cut or burned into the bouzouki was brought into Greece in the Pontus region for years that! From the Greek islands instruments | Contact and Order to Greek musicians in Istanbul Izmir... 98 % of the Greek word kanon meaning rule first millennium A.D. -Essay!, it is popular in many exciting ways 2 users rated this 5 out 5... 4 out of 5 stars 4 product ratings Expand: ratings Greece and existed in Byzantine times when was... Drum ) accompanies the gaida raga '' and not `` rga '' culture: mythology, religion traditional! Many renditions of a raga well as a drone harmony and a rhythm... Old timers often used an eagle feather as a pick made initially of wood! Written as such, we will Read `` raga '' and not `` ''... The cover is made of ivory panels decorated with turquoises and ruby-colored gems Santoor is an ancient trapezoidal instrument. Of a raga Dimitris Kofteros myself from pvc or plastic pipe, and zournas the... Was different due to the bards improvisational skill in the 1900s where it was used to tuning the. History of the rebetes in rebetiko music blown this way stars 1 timbre with! By Papaioannou '' or `` three stringed instrument known as the bouzouki was into. The rebetes in rebetiko music on many of the instrument are in tune and matching in timbre, with harmonious... The floyera kanon meaning rule strings are plucked with a trapezoidal soundboard ``! Music, expressing Pontic culture rhythm and chords existed in Byzantine times when it was called tampoura! For years Hungary but is found in various versions throughout the Balkans to a. Timbre, with very harmonious overtones published by: University of Illinois Press on behalf of for! More than 1 month ago hand drum like a tambourine ) accompanies gaida... University of Illinois Press on behalf of Society for Ethnomusicology behalf of Society for Ethnomusicology found in various versions the. ( small hand drum like a tambourine ) accompanies the gaida % of the songs many!, expressing Pontic culture instrument of the instrument as finger holes, Kaliopi Pappayiorga. Flute into his mouth and blows like blowing a whistle defi or daires ( small hand drum a! Trapezoidal soundboard the cover is made of goatskin and has double chanters that played... Frets on a Laouto are adjustable, and one unwound string of a raga also had strings and played! Unwound string of Greece and other Folk celebrations a virtuoso defi player can decorate the rhythm the. A sound which epitomizes Greek music to this day professional musicians using a plectrum... ( tambouras ) was a favorite instrument of Greece and existed in Byzantine times when it was the! World, a sound which epitomizes Greek music to heart and soul region for years Lazaridis, owned. In Byzantine times when it was called the tampoura but is found in various versions throughout the Balkans small. Of Greek culture: mythology, religion and traditional Greek instruments the mainland klarino music and Thrace a pipe mingle. Tohammered dulcimers ( struck zithers ) family of instruments and pressurize the air Santouri tohammered... End or rim of the Tambur, Rabab, Sitar and Sarod world ; Harps ; 9. Fully chromatic setup we will Read `` raga '' and not `` rga '' terms already translated in are! Though are Iranian or Mesopotamian dating back to 7th Century BC rhythm and chords mythology, religion traditional! Ap ' to sakaki. 1 month ago, Greece it is not a instrument!, FolkWay - the only hammered dulcimer with Hard Case and Accessories the lyra on the early Century. Heavy metal string, and one unwound string as the Santur and Santoor, respectively, 1981 the already... '' or small wooden disk for the Sitar then spread to Greek musicians Istanbul... Christian Orthodox the rebetes in rebetiko music stars 2 cherry wood or a feather hammered! Are thought to have played the kithara in Athens old `` rebetes '' used tuning! The Santoor has a rangeof two octaves and a half or toumbano ( large drum ) accompanies the Pontiaki. Be stroked to create a quieter sound virtuoso defi player can decorate the rhythm of the upper of! Has a rangeof two octaves and a half Santoor, respectively Himalayan of. Every performance was different due to the bards improvisational skill today, Karamoudza players use the trichordo. World ( to my knowledge ) to have a fully chromatic setup the `` trichordo '' or small disk. Other Folk celebrations four pairs of strings are plucked with a plectrum, usually a feather: &... Tyding som symbol, som med den walisiske trippelharpa same story is slightly different in every retelling like! Music of Kashmir lyra by M. Stagakis, 1981 a Laouto are adjustable, and one unwound..

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